Wednesday, December 25, 2019
Top Choices of Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked
Top Choices of Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked The cost of an essay depends upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. This essay is dealing with the several pros and cons of employing a low-cost essay support. Summary Hiring an affordable essay service may be perfect option for students at one time crunch. Should you need additional assistance with editing and revising, there are a couple free tools readily available online. Make certain to read your essay and make certain it is logical. Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectively. Of all Of the kinds of essay, writing a brief essay may appear to be the easiest. Writing a persuasive essay can be hard because you're not merely presenting the research materials you've gathered but you're trying to influence your readers. For instance, the price of a persuasive essay will differ from a proposal essay. Our objective is to supply you with a professionally written essay on this issue you require. At this time, you may just be thinking that you're finished with your essay, but you're not. Should you do, your essay or answer is going to be truncated. The best strategy is to stay relaxed and focused. All essays will have a particular topic that's either one you choose or one which is provided for you. This distinguishing quality of this essay demands the writer to deliver his points in a concise way. It is far better read through several narrative essay examples in order to get the one which best matches the format that you're writing your essay in. The Basics of Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked In addition to its growing cultural and ethnic diversity, State University is turning into a master at developing a niche for each and every student. Thus, it is not just the perfect place for me, it is the only place for me. Brown already knows they're unique due to their open curriculum. It's not sufficient to say, I wish to go to Brown because of its uniquely flexible curriculum. Many people think that high school entrance essays are rather less difficult to write than college entrance essays, that's the reason there are fewer places where you are able to get assistance with higher school entrance essays. Scholarship providers would never tell you exactly what they are searching for in an essay. If you wish to be one of those admitted students, you will need to compose amazing Brown essays as a piece of your application. Once uploaded, their application materials can subsequently be accessed by high school students that are getting ready for the college application approach. The school would like you to know they are embracing all sexual orientations, and if you're open to discussing your own history and identity, don't hesitate to share your story. The brief essay is just 250 words, so aim to concentrate your interests on no more than two areas. As an example, perhaps you've lived in many diverse nations and believe your international experiences mig ht help encourage other people to explore interests outside their comfort zones. It is a great idea to inform your story because the admission essay is just the way for you to speak to the admission committee without facing them. Whatever They Told You About Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why The principal portion of a brief essay is known as the body. While the focus is largely on your side, there's also a discussion about the opposing side which goes far beyond a single sentence or a paragraph. Let's look at each one of the Brown essay questions and go over how you are able to write something meaningful for each. Let's have a peek at its advantages and disadvantages. What Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked Is - and What it Is Not Describe the way your work at the same school will affect your work at the other. At McCormick, I am going to be able to take part in projects my very first calendar year, which will offer valuable hands-on experie nce. This finding was shown to be almost the precise opposite of what admissions officers from Stanford were seeking. PLME is a distinctive program, so highlight the reason why this model is the best fit for you. Before you turn in your assignment, you are going to want to appear over it one final moment. This advice should offer you a better idea of the way to approach the supplemental questions for Brown University. There are lots of numbers to consider. If you merely wished to study something different, you'd apply to Brown. The Why Brown Essay Samples That Worked Stories The trickiest part is usually choosing the activity you need to speak about. Look through the list of topics cautiously and start making a mental collection of the evidence you may use on topics you want. The author starts with a rather comprehensive story of an event or description of an individual or place. Go through the list below.
Tuesday, December 17, 2019
Veteran Suicide Perspectives And Assumptions . There Is
Veteran Suicide Perspectives and Assumptions There is an epidemic running rampant throughout the ranks of veterans and current active duty military within the United States. Even if we try to turn a blind eye or ignore the problem, the fact is that roughly an average of twenty-two veterans commit suicide each and every day across America. Some would say this is due in part to the service members experiencing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), others would say this is due to service members participating in multiple deployments. While these both increase risk factors for suicide, they in and of themselves are not the root cause of suicide amongst our veterans. So if these are not the sole contributors to veteran suicide, what isâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Nevertheless, those veterans that present symptoms of PTSD are at a greater risk for suicide due in part to the comorbid symptoms that often times are correlated to PTSD ââ¬â such as substance abuse, intrusive thoughts, and depression. For some time now, many have held the philosophy that the ever increasing deployment tempo and lengths of deployments have held significant value in the rising rate of suicides amongst our military and veterans. Combat trauma and other traumatic events experienced while deployed has also been on the hot seat as a predominate factor for being at risk. Whereas combat deployments can have a profound impact on the psychological and cognitive functioning of an individual, it is being seen that there is a significant percentage of individuals committing suicide that have never deployed. Stressors from military life in general are having a huge impact on the suicide rates of military members and veterans. Cerel, Van de Venne, Moore, Maple, Flaherty, Brown (2015) found that ââ¬Å"Stress on the entire military due to the length of these recent conflicts and the burden placed on all the forces has been linked to suicide risk among those who were never deployed. Other no n-combat military- related events, such as exposure to death from training accidents, are expected incidents during military service but are also associated with PTSD, depression, and anxiety disordersâ⬠(p. 83). Underlying Theories If PTSD and deployments,Show MoreRelatedSomewhere For Everyone By John Grisham Essay1592 Words à |à 7 PagesHomeless people are often found in larger cities, this could because of the higher cost of living in larger cities than in suburban areas. The views of the public through the eyes of the author make the reader think about the problem from an outside perspective. With the growing number of homeless people, Grisham begins to switch his past avoidance tone and begins to take a very personal approach. While Samuels takes a more statistic approach, both views just as important. One view covers the moral andRead MoreImplementing Complex Issues Within An Organization1720 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe group in which they serve. For a while, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has underestimated the demand for health care appointments for our returning service members, veterans and their dependents. Patient wait times have been a long-standing concern at the VA. Although they are working diligently and exhausting every effort to correct their wrong, there are still areas with the health system that are preventing Veterans from receiving timely access to healthcare and this issue needsRead MoreThe Impact Of Military Service Members Ptsd1720 Words à |à 7 Pagesabuse to avoid the traumas they experienced during their service time. In the US, PTSD has been common among the ex-military veterans and comorbid drug misuse was found common among the personnel deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan war. Sometimes the drugs cause the personnel to have no hope for a future and may succumb to the mentality of committing suicide. Cases of suicide are very tragic because they affect and leave a void in the family of the d ead, which cannot now be covered. c). Violent TheRead MoreEssay about Silence on Gays and Lesbians is Social Studies Curriculum1093 Words à |à 5 PagesStudies Curriculum, Thornton highlights the exclusion of Gay, Lesbian, Bi-Sexual and Transgendered perspectives in social studies curriculums in the United States. Thornton (2009) argues this exclusion is a result of heteronormativity, homophobia and a general lack of resources. Analytic Reading Thorntons purpose in this article is to bring attention to the continuing exclusion of GLBT perspectives in social studies curriculums. Thornton (2009) observes that as a whole, Social Studies curriculumRead MoreAdult Learning Essay 23808 Words à |à 16 Pageslearner possesses any of the following criteria: married or divorced, have dependents, earned a GED, is a veteran, or is twenty-five years old or older. ââ¬Å"Adult learners include the fifty- something grandmother, as well as the 18-year-old mother of an infant. The thirty-something man who is changing careers due to complications of diabetes is an adult leaner, as is the 22-year-old Marine veteran.â⬠(2001) There are also differences between adult learners and traditional-student learners when they experienceRead MoreAnalysis Of Goer Enters A Theater2047 Words à |à 9 Pagesparticipants of the events have to say about these films. To determine fact or reality a first-hand account of the events must be present. Si nce I personally was not involved combatively in either of these wars, I will strongly rely on reviews from veterans of both wars and their comparisons of the films to help determine the truth. A variety of critics can shower a film with rave reviews for its cinematic themes and concepts but these accolades do not always mean a film is presenting a truthful versionRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder Affects About 7.7 Million Americans2106 Words à |à 9 Pageshostage, a terrorist attack, etc. These types of traumas put in perspective the likelihood of developing PTSD. Once PTSD is developed, there should be a distinction made to a self-limiting distress response experienced after exposure to a more severe trauma. Also a distinction should be made to persistent difficulty that some may experience in adaption to such traumatizing events. Most of the time, traumas are broken down into three assumptions: the belief in personal invulnerability, the perception ofRead MoreStatus Of Forces Agreements ( Sofa )2406 Words à |à 10 PagesMearsheimer (1994), ââ¬Å"the international system is portrayed as a brutal arena where estates looks for opportunities to take advantage of each otherâ⬠, therefore cooperation among them is discouraged due to relative gains considerations. From a liberal perspective, institutions are defined as ââ¬Å"a set of rules that stipulate the ways in which states should cooperate and compete with each other.â⬠Rules are negotiated by states and typically formalized in international agreements. They may entail the ââ¬Å"mutualRead MoreCultural Competence5466 Words à |à 22 Pagescommunity, or the provider â⬠¢ valuing color over competence â⬠¢ putting survival of the organization ahead of integrity â⬠¢ hiding behind racism â⬠¢ believing that there is one, magical culturally anchored approach rather than a variety of principles, perspectives, knowledge, and understandings that apply in different situations. L stands for lesbians ââ¬â women whose primary emotional, romantic, sexual, or affectional attractions are to other women. G stands for gay men ââ¬â men whose primary emotionalRead MoreWhat Caused Death and Injury During (and After) Ancient Battles?3447 Words à |à 14 Pagesdisease were as big a risk to the soldier as any blade. Injury is also present in the mind of the warrior, the stress of battle, the grief, the inner turmoil caused by murder and the horrors one could witness remained long in the memory of every veteran and for some this manifested itself in mental illness. As we shall see, Egyptian and Greek warfare varied hugely in the way it was carried out, this in turn affecting how injuries could be received and therefore warrants a division between them in
Monday, December 9, 2019
Criminal Law Massachusetts Criminal Practice
Question: Describe about the Criminal Law for Massachusetts Criminal Practice? Answer: Issue: Alan and Betty are part of a TV show named "Eviction." Due to competitive differences between Alan and Betty, Alan in a fit of rage punched Betty. Betty admitted in Hospital, but the doctors fail to diagnose her. Consequently, she developed septicemia and after three days of suffering, she died. The directors and producers of the show at the time when the argument was going on failed to provide security. The question that arises here is whether Alan, Cathy, and Eviction Ltd are responsible for any criminal liability and if yes then what kind of defenses shall they avail to protect themselves under the Criminal Law. 1: According to the given case scenario, it is a fact that Alan hit Betty resulting in fracture of her cheekbone, and she admitted to a hospital. Her fracture repaired, but she develops blood poisoning (septicemia) and dies. It needs to analyze whether Alan's act results in attracting criminal liability for murder or not. In the given context, it is clear that there was actus reus that is, physical action or doing, on the part of Alan which led him to hit his co-contestant, Betty in the first place. But the more important fact that remains unknown in this matter is the presence of mens rea, which means guilty mind. Therefore, it is said that without the presence of the said mens rea, motive for murder cannot be found. Therefore, the presence of mens rea requires Alan's action resulted in criminal liability amounting to murder. Alan's act of attacking and harming Betty on the sets of "Eviction" occurred after a heated exchange between the two of them. Again, it is clear from the context that Betty was in clear lead and Alan was facing eviction. Alan got angry and started arguing with Betty, subsequently, Alan hit Betty hard in her face, fracturing her cheekbone. This act itself proves that Alan was not provoked or incited by the victim as it was Alan himself who started arguing with Betty. It is said that this act of violence resulted from jealousy, as Alan and Betty both were co-competitors and neither wanted to get evicted. Therefore, Alan has criminal liability as both mens rea, and actus reus are present in his action. Now, as the possible defense, Alan can make the plea that it was accidental killing, citing that he never intended to kill Betty. It shall be on the prosecution to prove the guilt of Alan and subsequently prosecute him. 2: In the given case scenario, an act of crime has been done by Alan, but until the prosecution proves his guilt, he shall be presumed innocent. Again, there is another possible defense for Alan. The case of partial defense might result in reducing his criminal liability from murder to manslaughter, falling under the purview of section 54 of the CJ Act, 2009. It is further to state that this is not a collective defense and can be used only in cases where the accused lost his control, which resulted in the victims murder. But this partial statement does not absolve the liability of the defendant, entirely. According to S. 54(1), of the Act of 2009, when a person kills someone or belongs to a party he has killed, he shall not be convicted of committing murder of the victim. Such an act or omission on part of the offender, which resulted in the killing of the victim, is due to the offender's loss of self-control [S. 54(1) (a)]. Now the loss of this so-called self-control should have resulted due to certain unavoidable triggering effects [S. 54(1) (b)]. There is enough proof to justify his actions by establishing the fact that any other person of ordinary prudence, self-restraining prowess and belonging to the same age and sex of the offender would have done the same, if he faced similar situation or circumstances as the original offender. According to the given case, it is a known fact that both Alan and Betty were competitive as neither of them wanted to get evicted from the game show. The game progresses, and as it does, it becomes clear that Betty is leading, and Alan faces eviction. Alan gets angry and starts arguing with Betty. In a fit of rage, he hit Betty, which results in a fracture of Betty's cheekbone, she hospitalized, and later she dies from blood poisoning. Alan is though criminally liable can take the partial defense as mentioned earlier, because his anger was the trigger that resulted in hitting Betty and Betty's subsequent death. A question arises whether Alan's partial denial of anger trigger considered as a proper defense or not. Section 55 of the Coroners and Justice Act, 2009 provides the various triggering factors and a detailed analysis of such triggers. Only taking a partial defense of sudden loss of control shall not constitute his defense, he also has to fulfill other supporting conditions mentioned in section 55 of the Act. According to section 55(4), there were the particular thing or things said or done or both, which attributed to the subsequent loss of control by the offender. Such associating factors said or done on the part of the victim must have created a circumstance of the major character or caused the offender to have reasons to believe that he seriously wrong. But, according to section 55(6), the sense of seriously hurt due to certain things said or done by the victim shall be disregarded if the offender himself instigated the victim in saying or doing such thing. In other words, if the offender prompted the victim to say or do certain things to justify his excuse of wronged by the victim shall be ineffective in the eyes of the law as be disregarded as a valid partial defense. In the given case scenario, Alan started the argument with Betty for reasons of jealousy, and subsequently, it turned into heated exchange and Betty got seriously injured. Here Alan deliberately started arguing with Betty, so the defense of partial defense shall not be applicable in this context. 3: Novus actus interventions is a Latin term which means an unexpected occurrence that happens after a person's act of negligence and operates to precipitate the plaintiff's loss. The person i.e. the defendant shall not be liable for the said loss which is aggravated due to such an event. This happens when the defendant causes a series of events to occur which creates a chain of causation which harms the victim, and a question arises out this context whether the original perpetrator shall be held responsible for the eventual outcome of such occurrences. In other words, if an assailant assaults someone, he shall be held liable for all the consequences of his act, both immediate and remote complications which may result in death for the victim. At times, sure new entirely unexpected development happens, which could be unforeseeable and it breaks the continuity of the ongoing events. This is called Novus actus interventions. After the case of R v Jordan (1956), it was observed that the case wrongfully adjudicated. Medical treatment should never regard as an event that breaks the chain of continuity to ensure legal certainty. Legal responsibility of the original assailant should never get absolved due to other events taking place after the original crime. While adjudicating, the court should consider, who is blameworthy. Thus, medical negligence should be regarded as Novus actus interventions as it would ensure legal clarity and would be helpful in deciding the responsibility of the most culpable actor. Again in R v Smith (1959), it was held that medical mistreatment shall not absolve the liability of the actual offender. Therefore, the hospital, where Betty admitted shall not be held liable for the death of Betty due to failure in the diagnosis of her unforeseeable victimization from septicemia. 4: "Gross Negligence" is a legal concept, which means carelessness, serious in nature. It is expected out of a man of conservative nature to be careful. But if the man fails to use his general carefulness and as an outcome of such negligence, he faces a loss of life, then such an act can be termed as an act of gross negligence. Gross negligence is similar to "manslaughter" under English Law. Gross negligence has been set out in many landmark cases such as R v Bateman, Andrews v DPP (1937). In these cases, the judiciary upheld the conviction of the appellant for manslaughter. In R v Caldwell and R v Lawrence (Stephen) (1982), it was held that a person shall be considered as reckless if he acted in such a way that caused substantial damage to the property or individual and under ordinary circumstances he was expected to act with reasonable care. According to section 1(1) of CMCH Act, 2007, an organization shall be held liable for its action, if such action consequently resulted in a p erson's death or has caused the breach of duty to care, owned by the organization. Section 2(2) provides that an organization shall include- a corporation, a department, a police force, partnership, trade unions or employers association. In the given case, Cathy and Derek are the producers of the program. If they are to prosecute for corporate manslaughter, the prosecution must conclusively prove that the defendants- were duty-bound to provide care, there was a subsequent breach of duty to care, which resulted in Betty's death, and their conduct itself was bad enough to constitute the criminal liability. Fulfillment of the criteria above is essential as the same came up in the landmark case of R v Adomako (1994). As per the case, it suggests that both Cathy and Derek made no action in stopping the argument between Betty and Alan. Though there is no evidence in support to prove that there was mens rea, it's evident that it was done to increase the rating of the show. Both of them had no anticipated anything serious would happen that would result in death. Thus, it is evident there was gross negligence present at the time of the crime. Cathy and Derek can face prosecution even if there is no evidence of mens rea present in the scenario. The same held by Lord Rose in the case of A-G Ref [No 2 of 1999 (2000)]. Again, in R v Evans (2009), it was observed that the duty to care doesn't arise from familial relation or acceptance of responsibility, but when individual act on the part of the defendant creates a dangerous situation. Here, Cathy and Derek's inaction to stop the argument between Alan and Betty created the said dangerous situation leading to the death of Betty. Possible defenses available include: Actual innocence, that is both Cathy and Derek were not the real perpetrators, and the burden of proof rests with the prosecution and until it proved otherwise. Both Cathy and Derek shall be presumed innocent; Accidental killing by showing that the homicide occurr ed as a result of an accident, the defendants possibly achieve a reduction in the manslaughter charge. But to prove it was accidental killing, the first instance that is Alan's action that caused the subsequent death of Betty must be proved as an accidental killing too, and not murder with intent to cause death. 5: In this context, it can be mentioned that the Eviction Ltd. who is another defendant in the case, shall be held liable for corporate manslaughter as described in sections 1(1) and 1(2) of the CMCH Act, 2007. But it may be stated that in the case of A-G Ref [no 2 of 1999(2000)], there arose a question whether a non-human defendant can be convicted of manslaughter if there is no evidence regarding the presence of guilty mind of individual defendant of the same crime. Reference List: Allen, Michael.Textbook on criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. Baker, Dennis, and Glanville Llewelyn Williams.Textbook of criminal law. Sweet Maxwell, 2012. Bassiouni, M. Cherif.Introduction to international criminal law. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012. Cryer, Robert, et al.An introduction to international criminal law and procedure. Cambridge University Press, 2014. Duff, R. A. "Authority and responsibility in international criminal law." (2013). Herring, Jonathan.Criminal law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press, 2014. Katz, Leo.Bad acts and guilty minds: Conundrums of the criminal law. University of Chicago Press, 2012. Keating, Heather, et al. "Clarkson and Keating criminal law: Text and materials." (2014). Norrie, Alan.Crime, reason and history: A critical introduction to criminal law. Cambridge University Press, 2014. Ormerod, David, and Karl Laird.Smith and Hogan's criminal law. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015. Simester, Andrew P., et al.Simester and Sullivan's criminal law: theory and doctrine. AC Black, 2014. Stephen, James Fitzjames, and Keith John Michael Smith.Selected Writings of James Fitzjames Stephen: A General View of the Criminal Law. Oxford University Press, 2014. Stephen, James Fitzjames.A history of the criminal law of England. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press, 2014. Von Glahn, Gerhard, and James Larry Taulbee.Law among nations: an introduction to public international law. Pearson Higher Ed, 2012. Werle, Gerhard, and Florian Jessberger.Principles of international criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2014. Blumenson, Eric, and Arthur B. Leavens. "Massachusetts Criminal Practice." (2012). Clapham, Andrew. "Human Rights and International Criminal Law." (2015). OBrien, Melanie. "Classifying Cultural and Physical Destruction: Are Modern Historical and Current Human Rights Violations in China Violations of International Criminal Law?."Criminal Law Forum. Vol. 26. No. 3-4. Springer Netherlands, 2015. Steel, Alex, and Melanie Schwartz. "Broader Social Context as a Lens for Learning: Teaching Criminal Law."Disciplines: the lenses of learning, Kathryn Coleman and Adele Flood (eds)(2014). Wexler, David B. "The international and interdisciplinary project to mainstream therapeutic jurisprudence (TJ) in criminal courts: An update, a law school component, and an invitation."Alaska Journal of Dispute Resolution (2014 Forthcoming)(2014): 14-04. Stephen, James Fitzjames.A history of the criminal law of England. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press, 2014. Werle, Gerhard, and Florian Jessberger.Principles of international criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2014. Von Glahn, Gerhard, and James Larry Taulbee.Law among nations: an introduction to public international law. Pearson Higher Ed, 2012. Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. Von Glahn, Gerhard, and James Larry Taulbee.Law among nations: an introduction to public international law. Pearson Higher Ed, 2012. Simester, Andrew P., et al.Simester and Sullivan's criminal law: theory and doctrine. AC Black, 2014. Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013 Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. Werle, Gerhard, and Florian Jessberger.Principles of international criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2014. Von Glahn, Gerhard, and James Larry Taulbee.Law among nations: an introduction to public international law. Pearson Higher Ed, 2012. Von Glahn, Gerhard, and James Larry Taulbee.Law among nations: an introduction to public international law. Pearson Higher Ed, 2012. Baker, Dennis, and Glanville Llewelyn Williams.Textbook of criminal law. Sweet Maxwell, 2012. Keating, Heather, et al. "Clarkson and Keating criminal law: Text and materials." (2014). Katz, Leo.Bad acts and guilty minds: Conundrums of the criminal law. University of Chicago Press, 2012. Duff, R. A. "Authority and responsibility in international criminal law." (2013). Herring, Jonathan.Criminal law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press, 2014.
Sunday, December 1, 2019
The gestalt theory free essay sample
The Gestalt theory is a complex but rather interesting theory that I will be writing about in this essay. For this essay, I will be looking for the different parts of the Gestalt theory. Before that, I will find where the name ââ¬Å"Gestaltâ⬠even means and originated from. I will also find out who discovered the theory. I will describe the theory and provide background information on the theory. I will describe how the theory is exhibited. I will also explain whether I agree with this theory. There are also plenty of examples of each kind of point in the Gestalt theory. Although these examples are for visual purposes, there are famous ones that I will be talking about which can be seen on the Internet. Each principle has its own pictures as examples. One way the Gestalt theory is in use is when us see the pictures that are made for the sole purpose of the gestalt theory. We will write a custom essay sample on The gestalt theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Gestalt Theory has many principles to it and I am going to go over all of them, including definitions and how your brain perceives that message. There are major principles of the Gestalt theory, which make up what the theory means. The Gestalt theory ââ¬Å"looks at the human mind and the behavior as a whole. â⬠(Cherry, 2013). The Gestalt theory was originated by Max Wertheimer, but influenced by other thinkers such as Immanuel Kant, Ernest Mach and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (Cherry, 2013). Wertheimer said, There are wholes, the behavior of which is not determined by that of their individual elements, but where the part-processes are themselves determined by the intrinsic nature of the whole. It is the hope of Gestalt theory to determine the nature of such wholes (Wertheimer, 1924). This quote is explaining when you try to put a missing piece in its place and you know where it goes because you have seen the full figure before. The Gestalt theory got its name by definition. Gestalt in German means ââ¬Å"wholeâ⬠which is the definition of the theory. This is why the theory was named the ââ¬Å"Gestalt theory. â⬠Christian Von Ehrenfels was the one who originated the name Gestalt for the theory (Boeree, 2000). Christian was a teacher to the founder of the Gestalt theory, Max Wertheimer (Boeree, 2000). So the student became the teacher in the end because Christian was the one who originated the theory and Max is the one who ends up finishing the theory. Max started the beginning of his studies by studying law and going to law school (Boeree, 2000). He never was interested in it as much as he was in psychology (Boeree, 2000). ââ¬Å"At Frankfurt, his former teacher Friedrich Schumann, now there as well, gave him the use of a tachistoscope to study the effect. His first subjects were two younger assistants, Wolfgang Kohler and Kurt Koffka. They would become his lifelong partnersâ⬠(Boeree, 2000). Wolfgang and Koffka will play their parts into helping Max solve and explain this theory that he has been interested in. Max wrote his paper on the perception of movement, and then was offered a job as a lectureship at the University of Frankfurt (Boeree, 2000). He eventually became an assistant professor there and in a couple of years moved up and was a professor for his own class (Boeree, 2000). He taught Psychology at his years at Frankfurt and spread his knowledge to the young minds of Frankfurt. While Germany was going through its tough times in the war, Frankfurt escaped to the United States and began teaching for Social Research School in New York City (Boeree, 2000). He wrote a book called, ââ¬Å"Productive Thinkingâ⬠which was the most known book he has written (Boeree, 2000). Wolfgang and Max met through the University of Frankfurt in which they were assistants for a Psychological Institute for Frankfurt (Boeree, 2000). â⬠In 1922, he became the chair and director of the psychology lab at the University of Berlin, where he stayed until 1935. During that time, in 1929, he wrote Gestalt Psychologyâ⬠(Boeree, 2000). As the quote has it, Wolfgang had met and discussed the gestalt theories together and it resulted into Wolfgang publishing a book on the Gestalt Theory. The final founder of the Gestalt Theory is Kurt Koffka. Kurt ââ¬Å"he wrote an article for Psychological Bulletin which introduced the Gestalt program to readers in the U. Sâ⬠(Boeree, 2000). So after these three best friends met at the University of Frankfurt and discussed the Gestalt Theory. They went their separate ways to spread the theory to young and up and coming future of psychologists. The Gestalt theory has many different laws; the first one that I will be talking about is the Figure and Ground law. ââ¬Å"The terms figure and ground explain how we use elements of the scene which are similar in appearance and shape and group them together as a whole. Similar elements (figure) are contrasted with dissimilar elements (ground) to give the impression of a wholeâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Gestalt Principlesâ⬠, 1999). A good example of this is the Macintosh logo (Soegaard, 2005). A terrible example of this is when you see an animal that blends into the environment with the use of camouflage. If there is a chameleon on a brown branch, it will turn brown. If u canââ¬â¢t see the figure separated from the ground, then you see them as a whole. Second, is the law of Similarity. ââ¬Å"The principle of similarity states that things which share visual characteristics such as shape, size, color, texture, value or orientation will be seen as belonging togetherâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Gestalt Principlesâ⬠, 1999). In the preferences window of a windows computer, the grey color background binds the first items together (Soegaard, 2005). The next law I would like to talk about is the law of Proximity. ââ¬Å"The Gestalt law of proximity states that objects or shapes that are close to one another appear to form groups. Even if the shapes, sizes, and objects are radically different, they will appear as a group if they are close togetherâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Gestalt Principlesâ⬠, 1999). A great example of this law is the MTV sign (Soegaard, 2005). The TV part of the channel is part of the M which puts the law of Similarity in action. Another law I would want to explain is closure. ââ¬Å"The satisfaction of a pattern encoded, as it were, into the brain, thus triggering recognition of the stimulus. This can involve the brains provision of missing details thought to be a part of a potential pattern, or, once closure is achieved, the elimination of details unnecessary to establish a pattern matchâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Gestalt Principlesâ⬠, 1999). An example of this law is the IBM logo (Soegaard, 2005). The fifth law I would like to explain is the law of Continuity. ââ¬Å"The edge of one shape will continue into the space and meet up with other shapes or the edge of the picture planeâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Gestalt Principlesâ⬠, 1999). An example of this would be, when you are making a graph in for math class and the lines of the graph are perpendicular and continuous (Soegaard, 2005). The last law I would like to talk about is the law of Symmetry. ââ¬Å"Symmetry states that the viewer should not be given the impression that something is out of balance, or missing, or wrongâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Gestalt Principlesâ⬠, 1999). An example of this in action is when you look at the CSC Finlandââ¬â¢s logo (Soegaard, 2005). I personally agree with this theory because it has many different laws that explain so much that happen in the world. Especially when there are many different real life examples that have been influenced by these laws. There are many real life examples of these laws that I have known but not actually put under the category of the Gestalt Theory. There are many things that I have seen which represent all these law when I was a kid and didnââ¬â¢t understand any of this. It blows my mind how I am just learning about this now during my young adult life. So with all the facts given here on this essay, I conclude that I agree with this theory.
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